Gallicanism

Gallicanism
   Gallicanism was a combination of political positions and theological doctrines supporting the relative independence of the French Roman Catholic Church and the French government in their relations with the papacy. Three distinct, but closely related, forms of Gallicanism existed. Theological Gallicanism denied the absolute supremacy of the pope, arguing instead for the supremacy of the ecumenical councils. Royal Gallicanism stressed the absolute independence of the French Crown from Rome in all temporal affairs, and parliamentary Gallicanism, a position of the parlements, advocated the complete subordination of the French Church to the state and even the government's intervention in financial and disciplinary matters. Gallicanism can be traced back to the early Middle Ages and was later tied to the counciliar movement of the 14th and 15th centuries, which held that church councils were more powerful than the pope. Thereafter, Gallicanism was strengthened by certain institutional developments such as the Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges (1438) and the concordat of bologna (1516). Then, in 1594, Les Libertés de l'Église gallicane, written by pierre pithou, was published, outlining the position of parliamentary Gallicanism. in response, Rome placed the work on the index. in the 17th century, Cardinal richelieu attempted to establish an independent French patriarchate within the church, but this effort came to naught. Gallicanism would eventually reach its fullest development and success during the reign of louis XIV, with the Four Gallican Articles of 1682, issued under the direction of jacques bossuet. These were, immediately rejected by the pope, however, and later officially renounced by Louis, but they would still be taught in French universities and seminaries until the revolution of 1789. Gallicanism, which in the late 17th and 18th centuries was also tied to jansenism, essentially ended with the concordat of 1801, although certain Gallican attitudes lingered among the French episcopate until the mid-19th century.

France. A reference guide from Renaissance to the Present . 1884.

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  • Gallicanism — • This term is used to designate a certain group of religious opinions for some time peculiar to the Church of France, or Gallican Church, and the theological schools of that country Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Gallicanism      …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Gallicanism — is the belief that popular civil authority mdash;often represented by the monarchs authority or the State s authority mdash;over the Catholic Church is comparable to that of the Roman Pope s. Gallicanism is a rejection of Ultramontanism; it is… …   Wikipedia

  • Gallicanism — Gal li*can*ism, n. The principles, tendencies, or action of those, within the Roman Catholic Church in France, who (esp. in 1682) sought to restrict the papal authority in that country and increase the power of the national church. Schaff Herzog… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Gallicanism — [gal′i kəniz΄əm] n. the principles enunciated by the French Roman Catholic Church in 1682, claiming limited autonomy: opposed to ULTRAMONTANISM …   English World dictionary

  • Gallicanism — /gal i keuh niz euhm/, n. the movement or body of doctrines, chiefly associated with the Gallican church, advocating the restriction of papal authority in certain matters. Cf. ultramontanism. [1855 60; < F Gallicanisme. See GALLICAN, ISM] * * *… …   Universalium

  • Gallicanism —    A set of beliefs and practices in the French Catholic Church that conceived the church in France as an autonomous, self governing branch of the universal church. It acknowledged the nominal supremacy of the popes but rejected papal… …   Historical Dictionary of Renaissance

  • Gallicanism —    This word (from Gallia, the Latin place name for France) refers to the theological position and political movement that resisted papal authority in France. Gallicanism, expressed succinctly in the Four Gallican Articles of 1682, was rejected… …   Glossary of theological terms

  • Gallicanism — noun Date: 1805 a movement originating in France and advocating administrative independence from papal control for the Roman Catholic Church in each nation …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • GALLICANISM —    the name given to the contention of the GALLICAN CHURCH (q.v.) …   The Nuttall Encyclopaedia

  • GALLICANISM —    the theory developed by French theologians in the fourteenth century and popular until at least the late nineteenth century that the ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH ought to be free from PAPAL AUTHORITY …   Concise dictionary of Religion

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